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What is Ozone? – Ozone is created in nature by lightning and can be smelled after a storm. It is one of nature’s most powerful oxidizers. Ozone is created by converting Oxygen (O2) into Ozone (O3). Oxidizers are a class of chemicals that break down organic substances. Other common oxidizers include chlorine or fluorine. Ozone works for applications in water including water treatment, swimming pools, process water, and others and in the air for odor control, scrubbing or pollution control.

How Is Ozone Produced? –

Ozone Generators are used to “manufacture” Ozone out of one of the most readily-available substances on earth – Oxygen in the air. In fact, Ozone has been called “Enhanced Oxygen” for the simple reason that Oxygen (O2) can be converted to Ozone (O3). Ozone is produced naturally in the upper atmosphere (the Ozone layer) through ultraviolet radiation. As well, lightning will produce Ozone through electrical excitation of Oxygen molecules. Ozone Generators use both forms of producing Ozone. Some generators will use electrical fields (corona discharge) to produce Ozone. Others use ultraviolet lights (UV method) to produce Ozone. Generally, the UV Ozone systems produce a lower concentration of Ozone. Since the concentration of Ozone is important, most applications will use Corona Discharge Ozone generators. Since Ozone cannot be stored, it is used as quickly as it is produced. Ozone Generators are used to produce Ozone at the location where it will be used. Ozone Generators come in all sizes, ranging from small DC units used to clean air in your car (not recommended) to large industrial systems used to purify Millions of Gallons per Day of water in municipal water treatment systems. Since they require no inputs other than Oxygen, they are very cost-effective. How Does Ozone Work? Ozone is classified as an “oxidant” or a substance that converts organic material into their base compounds. Oxidants can be put to work as a sanitizer and disinfection agent or simply to break down organic substances. Other examples of oxidants are chlorine and fluorine. For example, Ozone can be put to use to convert airborne pollutants such as ammonia, mercaptans, sulfides, and other organic chemicals into inert, non-odorous by-products. Or to oxidize pollutants and organics in water. As a powerful oxidizer, it is a very effective disinfecting agent and will kill germs, viruses, bacteria, molds, and yeasts. Ozone is an extremely fast-acting oxidant. After oxidizing substances, Ozone then simply reverts to Oxygen. The target substances are broken down into their base components. Ozone production and application is a chemical process that is predictable and well understood by Chemical Engineers, chemists and, increasingly, doctors around the world.

Ozone – In Use for Over a Century

For the past 100 years, Ozone has been used commercially for odor reduction and water purification. This substance is also a very effective anti-bacterial, germicidal and fungicidal agent. It is classified as an “oxidant” or a substance that converts organic material into their base compounds.

Other examples of oxidants are fire, chlorine, and fluorine. In Europe, the use of Ozone has been readily accepted for water treatment, wastewater treatment, air purification and is now gaining attention for medical treatments. Ozone was first used commercially in France in the late 1800s in a slaughterhouse to control odors. Ozone is equally effective at treating impurities in the air or in water.

The name “ozone” is derived from the Greek word “ozein” which means “to smell”. Ozone is a bluish, water-soluble gas with a distinctive smell. The use of Ozone leaves no toxic by-products or residues and is non-carcinogenic. Ozone occurs naturally in the environment. In nature, oxygen is released from plants and sea plankton during photosynthesis. Oxygen floats upward into the atmosphere and in turn, is converted into ozone by ultraviolet radiation.

This blocks out the harmful UV rays that cause skin cancer. The production of ozone is dependent on the amount of the sun’s energy. This helps explain the shortage of ozone over the poles in the winter months when there is a lack of sunshine. Ozone, being heavier than air, is carried in downdrafts into the lower atmosphere. As the ozone falls it oxidizes any pollutant or contaminate with which it comes into contact, turning it into a safer compound.

If ozone comes into contact with water vapor during storms it forms hydrogen peroxide. This is why plants flourish better with rainwater than with irrigation water. This is natures way of cleaning our environment. “Natural” ozone concentrations can vary between .01 ppm to .05 ppm, depending on geographic location, altitude and season.

The cycle of oxygen and ozone is just like the cycle of water in nature. Ozone is also created by waterfalls, the oceans’ surf and during thunder and lightning storms with concentration levels triple the allowable limit, as set by EPA.

Ozone created electronically or through ultra-violet light converts molecules of Oxygen (02) into molecules of Ozone (03). This is sometimes referred to as activated oxygen, triatomic form of oxygen or pure air. Being an unstable gas, ozone’s life span ranges from 20 to 80 or 90 minutes, depending mainly on the temperature.

After completing its job, it reverts back to oxygen. This means ozone has to be produced on site. Ozone is second only to fluorine as the most powerful oxidant in the world.

It’s the most powerful, natural air and water sanitizer readily available. Ozone will break down chemicals into their basic naturally-occurring component parts. After a time they are eventually broken down into the water, carbon dioxide, sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen.

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